Indonesia requires a total investment of USD 285 billion to achieve its 2030 climate targets, yet a significant funding gap persists. The government has allocated USD 96.9 billion, which constitutes 34% of the total required investment, through its annual climate budget, equivalent to approximately 4.3% of the state budget. Additionally, the financial sector contributes USD […]
The global push for energy transition is changing how nations produce and use energy. For ASEAN, this shift is necessary to address climate change and build a sustainable future. However, it could increase social inequalities if not carefully managed. To navigate this challenge, the ASEAN Member States have jointly established ambitious energy transition goals: achieving […]
The escalating climate crisis demands a deep and rapid climate action, a global shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) consistently emphasizes that immediate action is required to limit global temperature rise to below 1.5°C, thereby reducing the risk of severe environmental, economic, and social impacts. However, this […]
Dwi Rahayu Ningrum 
Bashir Fazli 
Maulidya Qutrothunnada 
Elis Nurhayati 
Muazu Yahaya Abubakar 
Momodou Habib Bah