Kazakhstan and Australia are both deeply reliant on fossil fuels. Both are internationally committed to fight climate change. But their climate policies are completely different and still fall short in practice. Kazakhstan has been quick in terms of adopting formal climate institutions. It was the first country that introduced Emissions Trading System (ETS) in Central […]
Afghanistan, one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change but still has the least capacity to respond. In Afghanistan, the average temperatures have risen almost twice the rate of the global average in the last two decade, with precipitation patterns becoming more unpredictable. These climate changes are occurring in a country that is already […]
The case of Afghanistan illustrates a profound injustice in global climate governance: despite contributing a negligible 0.07% of global emissions, the country is ranked among the ten most vulnerable worldwide, yet remains one of the least prepared to adapt. This stark vulnerability shows that Afghanistan’s absence from the recent Conference of the Parties (COP30) in […]
After Months of Drought, Iran Hit by Rain and Snow In December 2025, Iran witnessed a phenomenal change in weather patterns when rain and snowfall were reported to be experienced in many parts of the country including in Tehran, southern and southwestern provinces. After five years of drought, this rain gave people some hope. But […]
Climate change is a global concern that requires collective action from grassroots communities to national governments and international institutions. Scientists are working tirelessly, using advanced tools, models, and analytical methods to understand the impacts of climate change across different sectors and to generate reliable climate knowledge. Although the IPCC Assessment Reports (ARs) include a Summary […]
Jonathan Tarnue Payne 
Precious Douglas Maulana 
Eslam Mohamed Elsheikh 
Lutfi Nurachma 
David R.K Brown 
Asef Jafari